صلاح الدين يوسف بن أيوب
Salah al-Din (RH)
Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub
Also known as: Saladin, Salahuddin al-Ayyubi, Salah ad-Din
c. 532–589 AH · c. 1137–1193 CE
Reigned 1174–1193 CE
Rulers Ayyubid Sultanate
Founder of the Ayyubid state who united Egypt and Syria and retook Jerusalem in 1187.
Salah al-Din, a Kurd born in Tikrit, rose in the service of Nur al-Din and went to Egypt with his uncle Shirkuh. As vizier he ended the Fatimid caliphate in 1171, restoring the Abbasid caliph's name in the Friday sermon, and founded Shafi'i madrasas and Sufi lodges in Cairo.
After Nur al-Din's death he united Egypt and Syria. In 1187 he defeated the Crusaders at Hattin and retook Jerusalem, sparing its inhabitants. He held off the Third Crusade, agreeing a truce with Richard I in 1192, and died in Damascus the next year, leaving almost nothing for his own funeral.
Life journey
- c. 1137 CE Tikrit تكريت
- 1146 CE Damascus دمشقGrew up in Baalbek and Damascus in the service of Nur al-Din.
- 1169 CE Cairo (al-Qahira) القاهرةBecame vizier of Egypt in 1169 and ended the Fatimid caliphate in 1171.
- 1187 CE Jerusalem (al-Quds) القدسRetook Jerusalem in 1187.
- 1192 CE Damascus دمشقDied 1193 CE · 589 AHReturned to Damascus after the truce of 1192, died there and was buried beside the Umayyad Mosque.
Places in their life
Photo: Vyacheslav Argenberg, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: CumaliOnal, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_the_Rock_(SE_exposure).jpg)
Photo: Godot13, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Sources
- Baha' al-Din Ibn Shaddad, al-Nawadir al-Sultaniyya
- Malcolm C. Lyons and D. E. P. Jackson, Saladin: The Politics of the Holy War (1982)