محمد هاشم أشعري
Hasyim Asy'ari (RH)
Muhammad Hasyim Asy'ari
Also known as: Hasyim Asyari, Hashim Ash'ari, Hadratus Syaikh, Kiai Hasyim
1287–1366 AH · 1871–1947 CE
Hadith Shafi'i
Javanese hadith master who founded the pesantren of Tebuireng and the Nahdlatul Ulama.
Hasyim Asy'ari was born near Jombang in east Java to a family of pesantren teachers. He studied at several pesantren in Java and Madura and then spent about seven years in Makkah, where he studied hadith with Mahfuz al-Tarmasi and fiqh with Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi.
In 1899 he founded the pesantren of Tebuireng, which became one of the leading centres of learning in Java. He was called Hadratus Syaikh, and each Ramadan he read Sahih al-Bukhari with students who came from across the island. In 1926 he co-founded the Nahdlatul Ulama to defend the traditional schools of law and theology, and his short works, such as Adab al-'Alim wa al-Muta'allim on the manners of teachers and students, are still taught.
Life journey
Teachers
- Nawawi al-Bantani (RH) c. 1813–1897 CEHasyim Asy'ari is reported to have attended Nawawi al-Bantani's lessons during his years in Makkah.
Key works
- Adab al-'Alim wa al-Muta'allim آداب العالم والمتعلمThe Manners of the Teacher and the StudentA guide to the manners of teaching and learning, read in pesantren across Indonesia.
Places in their life
Photo: Adli Wahid (minor modifications by Basile Morin), CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Sources
- Lathiful Khuluq, Fajar Kebangunan Ulama: Biografi K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari (2000)
- Zamakhsyari Dhofier, The Pesantren Tradition (1999)